2026-VIL-1130-CESTAT-CHE-ST

SERVICE TAX CESTAT Cases

Service Tax - Penalty under Section 78 - Mandatory Nature when Extended Period Invoked - Adjudicating authority invoked the extended period under proviso to Section 73(1) on account of suppression of facts but imposed penalty under Section 78 only to the extent of short-declared tax and not equal to the entire service tax confirmed - Whether penalty under Section 78 of the Finance Act, 1994 is mandatory and must be imposed once the extended period under Section 73 is invoked on ground of suppression of facts with intent to evade payment of tax – HELD - The penalty under Section 78 is not automatically mandatory equal to the entire demand once extended period is invoked, and the adjudicating authority has correctly exercised discretion in imposing lesser penalty based on the specific factual circumstances of the case. The dispute arose out of classification and adjustment of tax paid under different taxable heads rather than deliberate tax evasion. Since the respondent-assessee had rendered taxable services under multiple categories with short payment under one category being simultaneously neutralized by excess payment under another category. No revenue loss occurred to the Government since excess tax already paid under one taxable category substantially neutralized the short payment under another category, and once tax reached the exchequer, the allegation of deliberate suppression loses considerable force - The respondent had already discharged the entire differential tax liability together with interest and penalty in terms of Section 73 even before issuance of SCN, demonstrating conduct that does not support an allegation of deliberate tax evasion - The adjudicating authority has correctly distinguished between classification and payment adjustment issues on one hand and independent statutory non-compliance on the other, and has rightly applied CBEC Circular clarifying that adjustment of excess service tax paid under one taxable category against liability arising under another taxable category is permissible - The impugned Order-in-Original is upheld and the appeal filed by the Department seeking enhancement of penalty is rejected

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