THE INDIAN CONTRACT ACT

THE INDIAN CONTRACT ACT, 1872
Chapter - PRELIMINARY
Section 1 SHORT TITLE
Section 2 INTERPRETATION-CLAUSE
Chapter I THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS
Section 3 COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS
Section 4 COMMUNICATION WHEN COMPLETE
Section 5 REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS AND ACCEPTANCES
Section 6 REVOCATION HOW MADE
Section 7 ACCEPTANCE MUST BE ABSOLUTE
Section 8 ACCEPTANCE BY PERFORMING CONDITIONS, OR RECEIVING CONSIDERATION
Section 9 PROMISES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED
Chapter II CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS
Section 10 WHAT AGREEMENTS ARE CONTRACTS
Section 11 WHO ARE COMPETENT TO CONTRACT
Section 12 WHAT IS A SOUND MIND FOR THE PURPOSES OF CONTRACTING
Section 13 "CONSENT" DEFINED
Section 14 "FREE CONSENT" DEFINED
Section 15 "COERCION" DEFINED
Section 16 "UNDUE INFLUENCE" DEFINED
Section 17 "FRAUD" DEFINED
Section 18 "MISREPRESENTATION" DEFINED
Section 19 VOIDABILITY OF AGREEMENTS WITHOUT FREE CONSENT
Section 19A POWER TO SET ASIDE CONTRACT INDUCED BY UNDUE INFLUENCE
Section 20 AGREEMENT VOID WHERE BOTH PARTIES ARE UNDER MISTAKE AS TO MATTER OF FACT
Section 21 EFFECT OF MISTAKES AS TO LAW
Section 22 CONTRACT CAUSED BY MISTAKE OF ONE PARTY AS TO MATTER OF FACT
Section 23 WHAT CONSIDERATIONS AND OBJECTS ARE LAWFUL, AND WHAT NOT
Section 24 AGREEMENT VOID, IF CONSIDERATIONS AND OBJECTS UNLAWFUL IN PART
Section 25 AGREEMENT WITHOUT CONSIDERATION, VOID, UNLESS IT IS IN WRITING AND REGISTERED, OR IS A PROMISE TO COMPENSATE FOR SOMETHING DONE, OR IS A PROMISE TO PAY A DEBT BARRED BY LIMITATION LAW
Section 26 AGREEMENT IN RESTRAINT OF MARRIAGE, VOID
Section 27 AGREEMENT IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE, VOID
Section 28 AGREEMENTS IN RESTRAINT OF LEGAL PROCEEDING VOID
Section 29 AGREEMENTS VOID FOR UNCERTAINTY
Section 30 AGREEMENTS BY WAY OF WAGER, VOID
Chapter III CONTINGENT CONTRACTS
Section 31 "CONTINGENT CONTRACT" DEFINED
Section 32 ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS CONTINGENT ON AN EVENT HAPPENING
Section 33 ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS CONTINGENT ON AN EVENT NOT HAPPENING
Section 34 WHEN EVENT ON WHICH CONTRACT IS CONTINGENT TO BE DEEMED IMPOSSIBLE, IF IT IS THE FUTURE CONDUCT OF A LIVING PERSON
Section 35 WHEN CONTRACTS BECOME VOID WHICH ARE CONTINGENT ON HAPPENING OF SPECIFIED EVENT WITHIN FIXED TIME. WHEN CONTRACTS MAY BE ENFORCED, WHICH ARE CONTINGENT ON SPECIFIED EVENT NOT HAPPENING WITHIN FIXED TIME
Section 36 AGREEMENT CONTINGENT ON IMPOSSIBLE EVENTS VOID
Chapter IV THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS
Section 37 OBLIGATION OF PARTIES TO CONTRACTS
Section 38 EFFECT OF REFUSAL TO ACCEPT OFFER OF PERFORMANCE
Section 39 EFFECT OF REFUSAL OF PARTY TO PERFORM PROMISE WHOLLY
Section 40 PERSON BY WHOM PROMISE IS TO BE PERFORMED
Section 41 EFFECT OF ACCEPTING PERFORMANCE FROM THIRD PERSON
Section 42 DEVOLUTION OF JOINT LIABILITIES
Section 43 ANY ONE OF JOINT PROMISORS MAY BE COMPELLED TO PERFORM
Section 44 EFFECT OF RELEASE OF ONE JOINT PROMISOR
Section 45 DEVOLUTION OF JOINT RIGHTS
Section 46 TIME FOR PERFORMANCE OF PROMISE, WHEN NO APPLICATION IS TO BE MADE AND NO TIME IS SPECIFIED
Section 47 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE OF PROMISE
Section 48 APPLICATION FOR PERFORMANCE ON CERTAIN DAY TO BE AT PROPER TIME AND PLACE
Section 49 PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE OF PROMISE, WHERE NO APPLICATION TO BE MADE AND NO PLACE FIXED FOR PERFORMANCE
Section 50 PERFORMANCE IN MANNER OR AT TIME PRESCRIBED OR SANCTIONED BY PROMISE
Section 51 PROMISOR NOT BOUND TO PERFORM, UNLESS RECIPROCAL PROMISEE READY AND WILLING TO PERFORM
Section 52 ORDER OF PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES
Section 53 LIABILITY OF PARTY PREVENTING EVENT ON WHICH THE CONTRACT IS TO TAKE EFFECT
Section 54 EFFECT OF DEFAULT AS TO THAT PROMISE WHICH SHOULD BE FIRST PERFORMED, IN CONTRACT CONSISTING OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES
Section 55 EFFECT OF FAILURE TO PERFORM AT FIXED TIME, IN CONTRACT IN WHICH TIME IS ESSENTIAL
Section 56 AGREEMENT TO DO IMPOSSIBLE ACT
Section 57 RECIPROCAL PROMISE TO DO THINGS LEGAL, AND ALSO OTHER THINGS ILLEGAL
Section 58 ALTERNATIVE PROMISE, ONE BRANCH BEING ILLEGAL
Section 59 APPLICATION OF PAYMENT WHERE DEBT TO BE DISCHARGED IS INDICATED
Section 60 APPLICATION OF PAYMENT WHERE DEBT TO BE DISCHARGED IS NOT INDICATED
Section 61 APPLICATION OF PAYMENT WHERE NEITHER PARTY APPROPRIATES
Section 62 EFFECT OF NOVATION, RESCISSION, AND ALTERATION OF CONTRACT
Section 63 PROMISE MAY DISPENSE WITH OR REMIT PERFORMANCE OF PROMISE
Section 64 CONSEQUENCES OF RESCISSION OF VOIDABLE CONTRACT
Section 65 OBLIGATION OF PERSON WHO HAS RECEIVED ADVANTAGE UNDER VOID AGREEMENT, OR CONTRACT THAT BECOMES VOID
Section 66 MODE OF COMMUNICATING OR REVOKING RESCISSION OF VOIDABLE CONTRACT
Section 67 EFFECT OF NEGLECT OF PROMISEE TO AFFORD PROMISOR REASONABLE FACILITIES FOR PERFORMANCE
Chapter V CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT
Section 68 CLAIM FOR NECESSARIES SUPPLIED TO PERSON INCAPABLE OF CONTRACTING, OR ON HIS ACCOUNT
Section 69 REIMBURSEMENT OF PERSON PAYING MONEY DUE BY ANOTHER, IN PAYMENT OF WHICH HE IS INTERESTED
Section 70 OBLIGATION OF PERSON ENJOYING BENEFIT OF NON-GRATUITOUS ACT
Section 71 RESPONSIBILITY OF FINDER OF GOODS
Section 72 LIABILITY OF PERSON TO WHOM MONEY IS PAID, OR THING DELIVERED, BY MISTAKE OR UNDER COERCION
Chapter VI THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT
Section 73 COMPENSATION FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE CAUSED BY BREACH OF CONTRACT
Section 74 COMPENSATION FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT WHERE PENALTY STIPULATED FOR
Section 75 PARTY RIGHTFULLY RESCINDING CONTRACT, ENTITLED TO COMPENSATION
Chapter VII REPEALED BY THE SALE OF GOODS ACT (3 OF 1930), SECTION 65
Section 76 REPEALED
Section 77 REPEALED
Section 78 REPEALED
Section 79 REPEALED
Section 80 REPEALED
Section 81 REPEALED
Section 82 REPEALED
Section 83 REPEALED
Section 84 REPEALED
Section 85 REPEALED
Section 86 REPEALED
Section 87 REPEALED
Section 88 REPEALED
Section 89 REPEALED
Section 90 REPEALED
Section 91 REPEALED
Section 92 REPEALED
Section 93 REPEALED
Section 94 REPEALED
Section 95 REPEALED
Section 96 REPEALED
Section 97 REPEALED
Section 98 REPEALED
Section 99 REPEALED
Section 100 REPEALED
Section 101 REPEALED
Section 102 REPEALED
Section 103 REPEALED
Section 104 REPEALED
Section 105 REPEALED
Section 106 REPEALED
Section 107 REPEALED
Section 108 REPEALED
Section 109 REPEALED
Section 110 REPEALED
Section 111 REPEALED
Section 112 REPEALED
Section 113 REPEALED
Section 114 REPEALED
Section 115 REPEALED
Section 116 REPEALED
Section 117 REPEALED
Section 118 REPEALED
Section 119 REPEALED
Section 120 REPEALED
Section 121 REPEALED
Section 122 REPEALED
Section 123 REPEALED
Chapter VIII INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE
Section 124 "CONTRACT OF INDEMNITY" DEFINED
Section 125 RIGHTS OF INDEMNITY-HOLDER WHEN SUED
Section 126 "CONTRACT OF GUARANTEE", "SURETY", "PRINCIPAL DEBTOR" AND "CREDITOR"
Section 127 CONSIDERATION FOR GUARANTEE
Section 128 SURETY'S LIABILITY
Section 129 "CONTINUING GUARANTEE"
Section 130 REVOCATION OF CONTINUING GUARANTEE
Section 131 REVOCATION OF CONTINUING GUARANTEE BY SURETY'S DEATH
Section 132 LIABILITY OF TWO PERSONS, PRIMARILY LIABLE, NOT AFFECTED BY ARRANGEMENT BETWEEN THEM THAT ONE SHALL BE SURETY ON OTHERS DEFAULT
Section 133 DISCHARGE OF SURETY BY VARIANCE IN TERMS OF CONTRACT
Section 134 DISCHARGE OF SURETY BY RELEASE OR DISCHARGE OF PRINCIPAL DEBTOR
Section 135 DISCHARGE OF SURETY WHEN CREDITOR COMPOUNDS WITH, GIVES TIME TO, OR AGREES NOT TO SUE, PRINCIPAL DEBTOR
Section 136 SURETY NOT DISCHARGED WHEN AGREEMENT MADE WITH THIRD PERSON TO GIVE TIME TO PRINCIPAL DEBTOR
Section 137 CREDITOR'S FORBEARANCE TO SUE DOES NOT DISCHARGE SURETY
Section 138 RELEASE OF ONE CO-SURETY DOES NOT DISCHARGE OTHERS
Section 139 DISCHARGE OF SURETY OF CREDITOR'S ACT OR OMISSION IMPAIRING SURETY'S EVENTUAL REMEDY
Section 140 RIGHTS OF SURETY ON PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE
Section 141 SURETY'S RIGHT TO BENEFIT OF CREDITOR'S SECURITIES
Section 142 GUARANTEE OBTAINED BY MISREPRESENTATION INVALID
Section 143 GUARANTEE OBTAINED BY CONCEALMENT INVALID
Section 144 GUARANTEE ON CONTRACT THAT CREDITOR SHALL NOT ACT ON IT UNTIL CO-SURETY JOINS
Section 145 IMPLIED PROMISE TO INDEMNIFY SURETY
Section 146 CO-SURETIES LIABLE TO CONTRIBUTE EQUALLY
Section 147 LIABILITY OF CO-SURETIES BOUND IN DIFFERENT SUMS
Chapter IX BAILMENT
Section 148 "BAILMENT", "BAILOR" AND "BAILEE" DEFINED
Section 149 DELIVERY TO BAILEE HOW MADE
Section 150 BAILOR'S DUTY TO DISCLOSE FAULTS IN GOODS BAILED
Section 151 CARE TO BE TAKEN BY BAILEE
Section 152 BAILEE WHEN NOT LIABLE FOR LOSS, ETC., OF THING BAILED
Section 153 TERMINATION OF BAILMENT BY BAILEE'S ACT INCONSISTENT WITH CONDITIONS
Section 154 LIABILITY OF BAILEE MAKING UNAUTHORIZED USE OF GOODS BAILED
Section 155 EFFECT OF MIXTURE, WITH BAILOR'S CONSENT, OF HIS GOODS WITH BAILEE'S
Section 156 EFFECT OF MIXTURE, WITHOUT BAILOR'S CONSENT, WHEN THE GOOD CAN BE SEPARATED
Section 157 EFFECT OF MIXTURE, WITHOUT BAILOR'S CONSENT, WHEN THE GOODS CANNOT BE SEPARATED
Section 158 REPAYMENT, BY BAILOR, OF NECESSARY EXPENSES
Section 159 RESTORATION OF GOODS LENT GRATUITOUSLY
Section 160 RETURN OF GOODS BAILED, ON EXPIRATION OF TIME OR ACCOMPLISHMENT OF PURPOSE
Section 161 BAILEE'S RESPONSIBILITY WHEN GOODS ARE NOT DULY RETURNED
Section 162 TERMINATION OF GRATUITOUS BAILMENT BY DEATH
Section 163 BAILOR ENTITLED TO INCREASE OR PROFIT FROM GOODS BAILED
Section 164 BAILOR'S RESPONSIBILITY TO BAILEE
Section 165 BAILMENT BY SEVERAL JOINT OWNERS
Section 166 BAILEE NOT RESPONSIBLE ON RE-DELIVERY TO BAILOR WITHOUT TITLE
Section 167 RIGHT OF THIRD PERSON CLAIMING GOODS BAILED
Section 168 RIGHT OF FINDER OF GOODS
Section 169 WHEN FINDER OF THING COMMONLY ON SALE MAY SELL IT
Section 170 BAILEE'S PARTICULAR LIEN
Section 171 GENERAL LIEN OF BANKERS, FACTORS, WHARFINGERS, ATTORNEYS AND POLICY-BROKERS
Section 172 "PLEDGE", "PAWNOR" AND "PAWNEE" DEFINED
Section 173 PAWNEE'S RIGHT OF RETAINER
Section 174 PAWNEE NOT TO RETAIN FOR DEBT OR PROMISE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH GOODS PLEDGED
Section 175 PAWNEE'S RIGHT AS TO EXTRAORDINARY EXPENSES INCURRED
Section 176 PAWNEE'S RIGHT WHERE PAWNOR MAKES DEFAULT
Section 177 DEFAULTING PAWNOR'S RIGHT TO REDEEM
Section 178 PLEDGE BY MERCANTILE AGENT
Section 178A PLEDGE BY PERSON IN POSSESSION UNDER VOIDABLE CONTRACT
Section 179 PLEDGE WHERE PAWNOR HAS ONLY A LIMITED INTEREST
Section 180 SUIT BY BAILOR OR BAILEE AGAINST WRONG-DOER
Section 181 APPORTIONMENT OF RELIEF OR COMPENSATION OBTAINED BY SUCH SUITS
Chapter X AGENCY
Section 182 "AGENT" AND "PRINCIPAL" DEFINED
Section 183 WHO MAY EMPLOY AGENT
Section 184 WHO MAY BE AN AGENT
Section 185 CONSIDERATION NOT NECESSARY
Section 186 AGENT'S AUTHORITY MAY BE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
Section 187 DEFINITIONS OF EXPRESS AND IMPLIED AUTHORITY
Section 188 EXTENT OF AGENT'S AUTHORITY
Section 189 AGENT'S AUTHORITY IN AN EMERGENCY
Section 190 WHEN AGENT CANNOT DELEGATE
Section 191 "SUB-AGENT" DEFINED
Section 192 REPRESENTATION OF PRINCIPAL BY SUB-AGENT PROPERLY APPOINTED
Section 193 AGENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SUB-AGENT APPOINTED WITHOUT AUTHORITY
Section 194 RELATION BETWEEN PRINCIPAL AND PERSON DULY APPOINTED BY AGENT TO ACT IN BUSINESS OF AGENCY
Section 195 AGENT'S DUTY IN NAMING SUCH PERSON
Section 196 RIGHT OF PERSON AS TO ACTS DONE FOR HIM WITHOUT HIS AUTHORITY
Section 197 RATIFICATION MAY BE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
Section 198 KNOWLEDGE REQUISITE FOR VALID RATIFICATION
Section 199 EFFECT OF RATIFYING UNAUTHORIZED ACT FORMING PART OF A TRANSACTION
Section 200 RATIFICATION OF UNAUTHORIZED ACT CANNOT INJURE THIRD PERSON
Section 201 TERMINATION OF AGENCY
Section 202 TERMINATION OF AGENCY, WHERE AGENT HAS AN INTEREST IN SUBJECT-MATTER
Section 203 WHEN PRINCIPAL MAY REVOKE AGENT'S AUTHORITY
Section 204 REVOCATION WHERE AUTHORITY HAS BEEN PARTLY EXERCISED
Section 205 COMPENSATION FOR REVOCATION BY PRINCIPAL, OR RENUNCIATION BY AGENT
Section 206 NOTICE OF REVOCATION OR RENUNCIATION
Section 207 REVOCATION AND RENUNCIATION MAY BE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
Section 208 WHEN TERMINATION OF AGENT'S AUTHORITY TAKES EFFECT AS TO AGENT, AND AS TO THIRD PERSONS
Section 209 AGENT'S DUTY ON TERMINATION OF AGENCY BY PRINCIPAL'S DEATH OR INSANITY
Section 210 TERMINATION OF SUB-AGENT'S AUTHORITY
Section 211 AGENT'S DUTY IN CONDUCTING PRINCIPAL'S BUSINESS
Section 212 SKILL AND DILIGENCE REQUIRED FROM AGENT
Section 213 AGENT'S ACCOUNTS
Section 214 AGENT'S DUTY TO COMMUNICATE WITH PRINCIPAL
Section 215 RIGHT OF PRINCIPAL WHEN AGENT DEALS, ON HIS OWN ACCOUNT, IN BUSINESS OF AGENCY WITHOUT PRINCIPALS CONSENT
Section 216 PRINCIPAL'S RIGHT TO BENEFIT GAINED BY AGENT DEALING ON HIS OWN ACCOUNT IN BUSINESS OF AGENCY
Section 217 AGENT'S RIGHT OF RETAINER OUT OF SUMS RECEIVED ON PRINCIPAL'S ACCOUNT
Section 218 AGENT'S DUTY TO PAY SUMS RECEIVED FOR PRINCIPAL
Section 219 WHEN AGENT'S REMUNERATION BECOMES DUE
Section 220 AGENT NOT ENTITLED TO REMUNERATION FOR BUSINESS MISCONDUCTED
Section 221 AGENT'S LIEN ON PRINCIPAL'S PROPERTY
Section 222 AGENT TO BE INDEMNIFIED AGAINST CONSEQUENCES OF LAWFUL ACTS
Section 223 AGENT TO BE INDEMNIFIED AGAINST CONSEQUENCES OF ACTS DONE IN GOOD FAITH
Section 224 NON-LIABILITY OF EMPLOYER OF AGENT TO DO A CRIMINAL ACT
Section 225 COMPENSATION TO AGENT FOR INJURY CAUSED BY PRINCIPAL'S NEGLECT
Section 226 ENFORCEMENT AND CONSEQUENCES OF AGENT'S CONTRACTS
Section 227 PRINCIPAL HOW FAR BOUND, WHEN AGENT EXCEEDS AUTHORITY
Section 228 PRINCIPAL NOT BOUND WHEN EXCESS OF AGENT'S AUTHORITY IS NOT SEPARABLE
Section 229 CONSEQUENCES OF NOTICE GIVEN TO AGENT
Section 230 AGENT CANNOT PERSONALLY ENFORCE, NOR BE BOUND BY, CONTRACTS ON BEHALF OF PRINCIPAL
Section 231 RIGHTS OF PARTIES TO A CONTRACT MADE BY AGENT NOT DISCLOSED
Section 232 PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACT WITH AGENT SUPPOSED TO BE PRINCIPAL
Section 233 RIGHT OF PERSON DEALING WITH AGENT PERSONALLY LIABLE
Section 234 CONSEQUENCE OF INDUCING AGENT OR PRINCIPAL TO ACT ON BELIEF THAT PRINCIPAL OR AGENT WILL BE HELD EXCLUSIVELY LIABLE
Section 235 LIABILITY OF PRETENDED AGENT
Section 236 PERSON FALSELY CONTRACTING AS AGENT, NOT ENTITLED TO PERFORMANCE
Section 237 LIABILITY OF PRINCIPAL INDUCING BELIEF THAT AGENT'S UNAUTHORIZED ACTS WERE AUTHORIZED
Section 238 EFFECT, ON AGREEMENT, OF MISREPRESENTATION OR FRAUD BY AGENT
Chapter XI PARTNERSHIP [REPEALED]
Section 239 REPEALED
Section 240 REPEALED
Section 241 REPEALED
Section 242 REPEALED
Section 243 REPEALED
Section 244 REPEALED
Section 245 REPEALED
Section 246 REPEALED
Section 247 REPEALED
Section 248 REPEALED
Section 249 REPEALED
Section 250 REPEALED
Section 251 REPEALED
Section 252 REPEALED
Section 253 REPEALED
Section 254 REPEALED
Section 255 REPEALED
Section 256 REPEALED
Section 257 REPEALED
Section 258 REPEALED
Section 259 REPEALED
Section 260 REPEALED
Section 261 REPEALED
Section 262 REPEALED
Section 263 REPEALED
Section 264 REPEALED
Section 265 REPEALED
Section 266 REPEALED

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