2026-VIL-963-CESTAT-CHE-ST

SERVICE TAX CESTAT Cases

Service Tax - Lease agreement for carrying out plantation activities on tea estates - The lease consideration was computed based on the quantity of green tea leaves harvested and auction price. The appellant continued to be the employer of plantation workers and facilitated their deployment to the lessee. Show cause notices were issued alleging liability under renting of immovable property service, manpower recruitment or supply agency service, and supply of tangible goods service - Whether the leasing of tea estates along with appurtenant structures, deployment of workers, and provision of machinery constitute taxable services under the categories of renting of immovable property service, manpower recruitment or supply agency service, and supply of tangible goods service, or whether such activities constitute a composite agricultural transaction excluded from service tax liability – HELD - The dominant nature of the activity being agricultural, all ancillary elements such as buildings, labour and machinery are integrally connected with and in relation to such agricultural operations and cannot be artificially segregated for the purpose of taxation. The expression "in relation to" used in the statutory framework is of wide amplitude and includes both direct and incidental activities having nexus with the principal subject matter. Applying this principle, core agricultural operations such as cultivation and harvesting, as well as all ancillary and incidental activities connected therewith, fall within the scope of services in relation to agriculture - The leasing of tea estates is not in the nature of commercial renting but forms part of a composite arrangement for plantation activities, and the land, along with incidental infrastructure, is used exclusively for agricultural purposes. The activity of leasing, being in relation to agriculture, falls within the scope of exemption under the applicable notifications for the pre-negative list regime and the exclusion under Section 66D of the Finance Act, 1994 for the post-negative list regime - Regarding manpower supply, the essential ingredients of the service are not satisfied as there is no independent consideration for supply of manpower. Similarly, for supply of tangible goods service, there is no evidence of transfer of possession or effective control of machinery to the lessee, and there is no separate consideration identifiable for such alleged supply. The attempt of the Department to vivisect the composite transaction into multiple taxable services is contrary to the law laid down by the Supreme Court - The demands for service tax under all categories, along with interest and penalties, are not sustainable in law - The impugned orders are set aside and the appeal is allowed

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